Ultra-Low Temperature Treatment - Common Refrigeration Terminology in Freezing and Cold Storage 

Xinfengli (Beijing) Technology Co., Ltd. is a mainland Chinese brand specializing in the research, development, production, and sales of ultra-low temperature cryogenic equipment and liquid nitrogen deep cryogenic treatment devices. Its primary products include cryogenic chambers, low-temperature assembly equipment, deep cryogenic treatment systems, liquid nitrogen high-low temperature test chambers, mold deep cryogenic processing units, ultra-low temperature treatment technologies, and ultra-low temperature precision machining tools. With years of experience, the company provides a comprehensive range of low-temperature equipment and food machinery solutions.

Key Refrigeration Terminology
Refrigeration: The process of removing heat from a space or substance below ambient temperature and transferring it to the surrounding environment.
Superheat: A state where refrigerant vapor temperature exceeds the saturation temperature at a given pressure.
Degree of Superheat: The temperature difference between refrigerant vapor and its saturation temperature at the same evaporation pressure during a refrigeration cycle.
Subcooling: The process of cooling gaseous or liquid refrigerant below its condensation temperature at a specified pressure, or reducing solid/liquid refrigerant below its freezing point at a given pressure.
Degree of Subcooling: The temperature difference between the saturation temperature and subcooled temperature of refrigerant at the same condensation pressure.
Subcooled Liquid: A liquid refrigerant with a temperature below its saturation temperature at the corresponding pressure.
Refrigeration Capacity: The quantity of heat removed per unit time from a substance or space under specified conditions.
Specific Refrigeration Capacity: The refrigeration capacity per unit mass flow rate of refrigerant in a system.
Volumetric Refrigeration Capacity: The ratio of a compressor’s refrigeration capacity to its volumetric displacement.
Refrigeration Coefficient of Performance (COP): The ratio of refrigeration capacity to input power, indicating energy efficiency.
Refrigeration Cycle: The sequence of thermodynamic processes undergone by a refrigerant to transfer heat from a low-temperature source to a high-temperature sink, consuming energy in the process.
Refrigeration System: A system designed to transfer heat from a low-temperature to a high-temperature reservoir using a refrigerant, typically for cooling purposes.
Direct Refrigeration System: A system where the evaporator directly contacts the substance or space being cooled, or is placed in an airflow path connected to that space.
Indirect Refrigeration System: A system using a secondary coolant (e.g., brine) to transfer heat from the cooled space to the refrigerant evaporator.
Refrigeration Efficiency (COP): The ratio of refrigeration capacity to energy input, a key performance indicator.
Refrigerant: A fluid that undergoes phase changes to transfer heat in refrigeration systems, absorbing heat at low pressure/temperature and releasing it at high pressure/temperature.
Secondary Coolant: A volatile or non-volatile fluid used to transport heat from the cooled space to the refrigerant evaporator in indirect systems.
Reciprocating Compressor: A compressor using one or more pistons to compress refrigerant via reciprocating motion.
Rotary Compressor: A compressor achieving compression through rotational motion of components (e.g., scroll, screw, or vane-type designs).
Air-Cooled Condenser: A condenser that dissipates heat via airflow over its surface.
Water-Cooled Condenser: A condenser that transfers heat to water flowing over its surface.
Evaporative Condenser: A condenser combining airflow and water evaporation to reject heat.
Dry Expansion Evaporator: An evaporator where all liquid refrigerant evaporates into vapor within its total volume.
Flooded Evaporator: An evaporator where only part of the liquid refrigerant evaporates within its total volume.
Forced-Circulation Evaporator: An evaporator using a mechanical pump to circulate liquid refrigerant.
Economizer: A device in centrifugal and screw compressors that redirects flash vapor from intermediate throttling to reduce energy consumption.
Cold Chain: A temperature-controlled supply chain maintaining perishable goods from production to consumption.
Cooler Storage: A room for storing goods at temperatures above their freezing point.
Frozen Storage: A room for storing frozen goods at sub-freezing temperatures.
Cold Storage (Refrigerated Warehouse): A facility for preserving goods at low temperatures.
Precooling: Rapid cooling of products before further processing, transport, or storage.
Cooling: Reducing product temperature to a specified level above its freezing point.
Freezing: Lowering product temperature below its freezing point.
Freezing Capacity: The mass of product a freezing system can freeze per unit time under specified conditions.
Freeze-Drying: A preservation method where water is removed from frozen products via sublimation.
Weight Loss (Drying Loss): Weight reduction in food due to moisture evaporation or ice sublimation during cooling, freezing, or storage.
Thawing: The process of melting ice in frozen products.
Refreezing: Re-freezing partially thawed products.
Cooling Load: The heat load to be removed from a space to maintain a specified temperature, used to size evaporators.
Mechanical Load: The heat load a compressor must handle to sustain system operation.
About Xinfengli (Beijing) Technology Co., Ltd.
Xinfengli specializes in ultra-low temperature cryogenic equipment and liquid nitrogen deep cryogenic treatment solutions. Its product portfolio includes cryogenic chambers, low-temperature assembly tools, deep cryogenic processors, liquid nitrogen environmental test chambers, mold treatment systems, and advanced ultra-low temperature machining devices. With years of expertise, the company delivers cutting-edge low-temperature and food machinery technologies to diverse industries.